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= = = **Welcome to the HAAT American Lit Wiki Page** =

We will be using this page to post information and resources that are important for our American Literature Class.

You can access this page from any computer by going to this website: haatamericanlit.wikispaces.com

=Exploring American Romanticism by studying the Hudson River School Artists=

Read the folllowing quote:
 * 1.****Please make a page in your notebook titled - "American Romanticism - Celebrating the Individual**"

"//Patriotic and individualistic, urban and untamed, wealthy and enslaved - Americans (in the 19th century) embodied a host of contradictions. Struggling to make sense of their complex inconsistent society, writers of the period turned inward for a sense of truth. Their movement, known as romanticism, explored the glories of the individual, spirit, the beauty of nature, and the possibilities of the imagination//." from McDougal Littel American Literature page 296

After a discussion with classmates or with your teacher, complete the following sentence in your notebook:


 * Write this :** American Romanticism was a time period when American writers (and artists) wrote or painted about ............................................ because....................................................

2. Next **Write** : **Romantic Art and Artists** as your next heading in your notes. And under that **write**: **"Elements of Romantic Painting"** on your paper. Using the **chart** in the box on page 76 and the **American Romanticism** defintion on page 81 of the __**Annotated Mona Lisa**__ book, **make a list** of the elements/characteristics of Romantic painting.

3. What was the **Hudson River School?** - (use Annotated Mona Lisa page 81 to find a definition)

http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/hurs/hd_hurs.htm#slideshow1
 * 4. Watch these slideshows from the Metropolitan Museum of Art in NY and the NY Times and view the painters' websites below:**

@http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2012/08/31/arts/20120831-HUDSON.html

Frederick Church @http://www.the-athenaeum.org/art/list.php?m=a&s=du&aid=425
 * American Romantic/Hudson River School Painters:**

Thomas Cole @http://www.the-athenaeum.org/art/list.php?m=a&s=du&aid=375

Albert Bierstadt @http://www.the-athenaeum.org/art/list.php?m=a&s=du&aid=439

Asher Durand @http://www.the-athenaeum.org/art/list.php?m=a&s=du&aid=517

For each one **write down:**
 * Write "Two Romantic Paintings"** as the next heading in your notes**.**
 * Choose two paintings** that you think best exemplify American Romantic paintings**.**
 * **the title**
 * **painter's name**
 * **year painted**
 * **website title**
 * **full web address of each one**

Choose one artist and gather some information about him. Use __**The Annotated Mona Lisa**__ p. 81-82 or If you can't find your painter in the Annotated Mona Lisa, go to @http://americanart.si.edu/.
 * 5. Write "One Romantic Artist"** as the next heading


 * Write "Notes on ___(painter's name)"**
 * Who was he?
 * What was he interested in?
 * What did his paintings show?
 * What beliefs did his paintings express

At this webpage please read the text and listen to the podcast. @http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artwork/?id=17816
 * 6. Learning about visual analysis of paintings** (whole class may do this together)

Write a thorough description of the painting you chose. Your description should be at least 150+ words. Use the following questions to help you: a. First describe "the big picture." b. Then describe every element, every detail you see. c. Using your list of Elements of Romantic Painting from Mona Lisa (pg 76), explain the ways this painting fits that definition. d. What does this painting say about America? e. What American values are represented in this painting? f. What is this painter's vision of America?
 * 7.After reading and listening to that example, you are going to describe and analyze the painting you chose earlier.**
 * Write "My analysis of one Romantic Painting"** as your next heading

=Exploring American Romanticism in Poetry= 1. Click [|here to read a brief definition] of Romanticism in Literature and Poetry On your notes page, please list 4-5 important ideas/facts about Romanticism.

Read two of these four poems: [|I Hear America Singing - Walt Whitman]

[|Miracles - Walt Whitman]

[|A Dream Within A Dream - Edgar Allen Poe]

[|Hope is the thing with feathers - Emily Dickinson]

When you have read the poems, choose 2 lines or phrases from each poem that you think are powerful or interesting.

Write these lines down in your notes and leave room under each line. Wait for further directions to be explained in class.....


 * Painting for Seminar**

Another facet of American Romanticism - Transcendentalism
[|Click here to read an essay about Transcendentalism]

= African American Research Prezis =

**Ms. Lowe's 4th period**

 * TOPICS-- Please view at least 8 **

Emancipation Proclamation

Sharecropping #1

Plessy v. Ferguson #1

Plessy v. Ferguson #2

Sharecropping #2

Reconstruction

African American Newspapers

Lynching

Urban Migration #1

Urban Migration #2

Abolitionists

Birth of the Blues #1

Birth of the Blues #2

Jacob Lawrence Urban Migration Series

Jim Crow Laws #1

Founding of the NAACP

Ida B. Wells
 * PEOPLE -- Please view at least 3. **

Sojourner Truth

W.E.B. DuBois # 1

W.E.B. DuBois #2

Booker T. Washington

Marcus Garvey #1

Marcus Garvey #2

= =

=African American Research Projects=

(Please make a page in your notebook titled "Research Notes")

** Research Notes Thursday, January 24th or Friday, January 25th **

 * 1. In your notebook please make notes on each of the following topics. For each topic, please write at least 50 words. You may write short sentences or use bullet points, but you must have at least 50 words of content for each! **

1. Time period (what came before and after that’s connected—place it in history, set the stage) 2. Define topic or describe who major historical figure is 3. Explain what happened or what the person did 4. How did it/he/she affect African American people at the time?

=Your prezi must have the following information:=


 * A title that includes the topic of your prezi


 * Group members names


 * Question and Answer sections: Please include several "slides" that include the Questions and Answers that you wrote to gather research on your topic. (You should have at least 5 of these Q&As)
 * The time period that your topic took place or dates your person lived
 * A definition of your topic. What or who is it and why was it or she/he important?
 * How did this topic or person affect African American people at that time?
 * 2-3 powerful images
 * 2-3 powerful quotations and why they are powerful
 * A copy of a primary source document and an explanation of what the document is and why it is important.

What useful websites have you found so far? Please copy and all of your useful (from last week and today!) addresses here:

1. 2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  (Add more if needed)

=3.= Find 2-3 powerful images related to your topic. Copy the exact website addresses for your images here:

1. 2.  3.

Why did you choose each image and why does each image matter? (Please answer these questions for each image selected)

1. 2.  3.

Choose 2-3 powerful quotations related to your topic. These could be quotes by a person, about a person or about a specific event or law.

1a. Quote 1b. Why is this quote powerful?

2a. Quote 2b. Why is this quote powerful?

3a. Quote 3b. Why is this quote powerful?

Find at least one primary source related to your topic:

Please list the title of the document and paste a link to a readable version of the document.

=The African American Experience at the turn of the 20th Century=

Links to explore as you research:
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/ jimcrow/stories.html
 * PBS Series: The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow**

@http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/sharecrop/index.html
 * Reconstruction : Sharecroppers**
 * (if this link does not take you directly to this site, type "sharecroppers" in the search box on the PBS site.**

@http://find.galegroup.com/gps/start.do?userGroupName=lausdnet&prodId=IPS&DB=OVRC_SRC-1_GRCM
 * LAUSD Digital Library - Gale Research Databases**


 * 1930s and 1940s Farm Security Administration Photographs** http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/fsaall:@FILREQ(@field (SUBJ+@band(Sharecroppers--Alabama+))+@FIELD(COLLID+fsa))

[]
 * The Northern Migration of Sharecroppers in the 1920s **

[] [] [] [|http://www.metmuseum.org/special/se_event.asp?OccurrenceId={61D2F9D6-68E0-11D6-941A-00902786BF44}]
 * Artwork that represents the life and changing roles of African Americans from the late nineteenth century to the Harlem Renaissance and The Great Migration. **
 * Jacob Lawrence's Migration Series: Removing the Mask**
 * Flash Slides of whole Jacob Lawrence series w/ music**
 * Modern Storytellers: Romare Bearden, Jacob Lawrence, Faith Ringgold**
 * African-American Artists, 1929–1945: Prints, Drawings, and Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art **

[]
 * New York Public Library Online Exhibit - Several resources on the African/African American experience in America**

[]
 * History of NAACP**

[]
 * Library of Congress African American Mosaic**

http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/reconstruction/index.html
 * Digital History - America's Reconstruction**

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart6.html
 * African American Odyssey - The Booker T. Washington Era**

http://www.pbs.org/theblues/classroom/biblioweb.html
 * PBS List of Blues Websites**

Schomberg center []

= =

= =

=Wednesday, October 26th= Check this out: [|Decades old Calvin and Hobbes cartoon explains Occupy Movement]

include component="comments" page="home" limit="100"

= = =Monday, October 24th=

__ “Democracy Not Corporatization” __ __ “End the Oligarchy” __ __ “Human Need Not Corporate Greed” __ __ “Jobs, Justice and Education” __ __ “Save the American Dream” __ __ “We are the 99%” __

Click below for Photo Slideshow:

[|Occupy Slideshow - NY Times]

All groups: Answer these questions:

2. What do you think they care about and want?
include component="comments" page="home" limit="100"

Odd numbered groups (1,3,5,etc...) Read this article: [|What is Occupy Wall Street? - New York TImes]


 * 1) Do you think that there is a central message of protestors at Occupy Wall Street? If so, what would you say it is? What leads you to believe that this is the central message? If you think that there is no one central message, what do you think is holding these protestors together?
 * 2) From what you have read, what would you classify as the most important events of the protests thus far? Why do you think these events were the most important?
 * 3) How would you characterize the police response to the protests? Do you think that the police overreacted or enacted an appropriate response? Defend your position.
 * 4) What more do you want to know about these protests?
 * 5) Would you consider joining these protests? Why or why not?

include component="comments" page="home" limit="100" Even numbered groups (2,4,6...) Read this article: [|What is Occupy Wall Street? - LA Times]

1. Where did this movement come from? 2. Who is running this movement and what do they want? 3. Are the movement’s claims true? 4. What are the politics? 5. What does it mean to call the Occupy Wall Street demonstrators a social movement? 6. Has anyone adopted the Occupy Wall Street movement? [|If you need help answering your questions, click here for more LA Times Articles] include component="comments" page="home" limit="100"

[|Occupy Slideshow - NY Times]

[|Is it Effective to Occupy Wall Street?]

 * Friday, June 3rd**

**Writing a Conclusion Paragraph** **for your essay on a theme in Harlem Renaissance Poetry**


 * paragraph length = 3-5 sentences
 * consider these questions as you write
 * What do these poems express about African Americans’ life experience in the early 20th century?
 * Why are they effective?
 * How do they affect the reader?
 * What are their messages?

** Harlem Renaissance Essay Editing Checklist ** ü Eliminate the use of: you, your, me, my, we, our, us, and I

ü Do not use contractions. Spell the words out fully.

ü Confirm the spelling of the poet’s name and the title of each poem.

ü Write about the poetry in the present tense, not the past tense.

ü Check: Did I use at least one quotation from each poem? If not, please add!

ü Introduce all quotations with a few words to give the reader the context of the poem. Example: The poem portrays a soldier on his way to battle, telling his family how to feel in the event of his death. He instructs them, “If I should die, think only this of me:/ That there's some corner of a foreign field/ That is for ever England.” (1-3) //The introduction sentence or phrase tells the reader what that section of the poem is basically about so that the quotation makes sense to someone who is not familiar with the poem.//

ü Separate lines of a poem using the slash with a space on either side and at the end of each quotation, after the closing quotation mark, indicate the line numbers in parenthesis (see example above).

ü Look for over repeated words and words that could be elevated – circle them – then think of other ways to say it- use a thesaurus along with a dictionary to look for options.

ü The header should look like this: ** Maria Garcia ** ** American Literature ** ** Ms. Lowe ** ** June 2, 2011 ** ** Original Title **

=March 14-15= =Typing your annotated poem=

You will be using the wiki page and microsoft word for this assignment

1. Open a new word doc and save it as AnnotatedPoemFirstLast.doc 2. Copy and paste your poem from the wiki page onto a word document. 3. Underneath the poem or on the next page - "insert" --- "page break", begin typing the following things:

Type the following: (leave space between each of these!!) a. The line by line paraphrasing of poem b. examples of figurative language, what they mean and why they are powerful c. examples of imagery, what you see, why they are powerful d. paragraph with major themes of poem. e. poem's connection to the Harlem Renaissance f. biographical info about poet

Please spell check, double space!!

Please save the document on the desktop, AND... SAVE A COPY on your flashdrive or email it to yourself!

Print me a copy and turn it in at the end of the period

=**Harlem Renaissance Poems**=

**Claude McKay** **If We Must Die**

If we must die, let it not be like hogs Hunted and penned in an inglorious spot, While round us bark the mad and hungry dogs, Making their mock at our accursed lot. If we must die, O let us nobly die, So that our precious blood may not be shed In vain; then even the monsters we defy Shall be constrained to honor us though dead! O kinsmen! we must meet the common foe! Though far outnumbered let us show us brave, And for their thousand blows deal one death-blow! What though before us lies the open grave? Like men we'll face the murderous, cowardly pack, Pressed to the wall, dying, but fighting back!

**Claude McKay** **AMERICA**

Although she feeds me bread of bitterness, And sinks into my throat her tiger's tooth, Stealing my breath of life, I will confess I love this cultured hell that tests my youth! Her vigor flows like tides into my blood, Giving me strength erect against her hate. Her bigness sweeps my being like a flood, Yet as a rebel fronts a king in state, I stand within her walls with not a shred Of terror, malice, not a word of jeer. Darkly I gaze into the days ahead, And see her might and granite wonders there, Beneath the touch of Time's unerring hand, Like priceless treasures sinking in the sand.

**Claude McKay** **THE BARRIER**

I must not gaze at them although Your eyes are dawning day; I must not watch you as you go Your sun-illumined way. I hear but I must never heed The fascinating note, Which, fluting like a river reed, Comes from your trembling throat I must not see upon your face Love's softly glowing spark; For there's the barrier of race, You're fair and I am dark.

**Langston Hughes** **The Negro Speaks of Rivers** (to W. E. B. DuBois)

I've known rivers: I've known rivers ancient as the world and older than the flow of human blood in human veins. My soul has grown deep like the rivers. I bathed in the Euphrates when dawns were young. I built my hut near the Congo and it lulled me to sleep. I looked upon the Nile and raised the pyramids above it. I heard the singing of the Mississippi when Abe Lincoln went down to New Orleans, and I've seen its muddy bosom turn all golden in the sunset.  I’ve known rivers: Ancient, dusky rivers.

My soul has grown deep like the rivers. **Paul Laurence Dunbar** **WE WEAR THE MASK**

WE wear the mask that grins and lies, It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes,- This debt we pay to human guile; With torn and bleeding hearts we smile, And mouth with myriad subtleties. Why should the world be over-wise, In counting all our tears and sighs? Nay, let them only see us, while We wear the mask. We smile, but, O great Christ, our cries To thee from tortured souls arise. We sing, but oh the clay is vile Beneath our feet, and long the mile; But let the world dream otherwise, We wear the mask!

From the Dark Tower
** by Countee Cullen **

We shall not always plant while others reap The golden increment of bursting fruit, Not always countenance, abject and mute, That lesser men should hold their brothers cheap; Not everlastingly while others sleep Shall we beguile their limbs with mellow flute, Not always bend to some more subtle brute; We were not made eternally to weep.

The night whose sable breast relieves the stark, White stars is no less lovely being dark, And there are buds that cannot bloom at all In light, but crumple, piteous, and fall; So in the dark we hide the heart that bleeds, And wait, and tend our agonizing seeds.

Incident
** by Countee Cullen **

Once riding in old Baltimore, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> Heart-filled, head-filled with glee, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I saw a Baltimorean <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> Keep looking straight at me.

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Now I was eight and very small, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And he was no whit bigger, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">And so I smiled, but he poked out <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> His tongue, and called me, “Nigger.”

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I saw the whole of Baltimore <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> From May until December; <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Of all the things that happened there <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> That’s all that I remember.

Saturday’s Child
** by Countee Cullen **

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Some are teethed on a silver spoon, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> With the stars strung for a rattle; <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I cut my teeth as the black raccoon— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> For implements of battle.

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Some are swaddled in silk and down, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And heralded by a star; <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">They swathed my limbs in a sackcloth gown <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> On a night that was black as tar.

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">For some, godfather and goddame <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> The opulent fairies be; <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Dame Poverty gave me my name, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And Pain godfathered me.

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">For I was born on Saturday— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> “Bad time for planting a seed,” <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Was all my father had to say, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And, “One mouth more to feed.”

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Death cut the strings that gave me life, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And handed me to Sorrow, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">The only kind of middle wife <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> My folks could beg or borrow.

The Weary Blues
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black; margin: 0in;">by Langston Hughes

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Droning a drowsy syncopated tune, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Rocking back and forth to a mellow croon, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> I heard a Negro play. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Down on Lenox Avenue the other night <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">By the pale dull pallor of an old gas light <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> He did a lazy sway. . . . <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> He did a lazy sway. . . . <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">To the tune o’ those Weary Blues. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">With his ebony hands on each ivory key <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">He made that poor piano moan with melody. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> O Blues! <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Swaying to and fro on his rickety stool <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">He played that sad raggy tune like a musical fool. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> Sweet Blues! <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Coming from a black man’s soul. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> O Blues! <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">In a deep song voice with a melancholy tone <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I heard that Negro sing, that old piano moan— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> “Ain’t got nobody in all this world, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> Ain’t got nobody but ma self. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> I’s gwine to quit ma frownin’ <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And put ma troubles on the shelf.”

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Thump, thump, thump, went his foot on the floor. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">He played a few chords then he sang some more— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> “I got the Weary Blues <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And I can’t be satisfied. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> Got the Weary Blues <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And can’t be satisfied— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> I ain’t happy no mo’ <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> And I wish that I had died.” <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">And far into the night he crooned that tune. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">The stars went out and so did the moon. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">The singer stopped playing and went to bed <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">While the Weary Blues echoed through his head. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">He slept like a rock or a man that’s dead.

You and your whole race.
** by Langston Hughes **

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">You and your whole race. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Look down upon the town in which you live <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">And be ashamed. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Look down upon white folks <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">And upon yourselves <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">And be ashamed <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">That such supine poverty exists there, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">That such stupid ignorance breeds children there <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Behind such humble shelters of despair— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">That you yourselves have not the sense to care <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Nor the manhood to stand up and say <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I dare you to come one step nearer, evil world, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">With your hands of greed seeking to touch my throat, I dare you to come one step nearer me: <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> When you can say that <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;"> you will be free!

 **//by Countee Cullen//**

The ills I sorrow at Not me alone Like an arrow, Pierce to the marrow, Through the fat, And past the bone.

Your grief and mine Must intertwine Like sea and river, Be fused and mingle, Diverse yet single, Forever and forever.

Let no man be so proud And confident, To think he is allowed A little tent Pitched in a meadow Of sun and shadow All his little own.

Joy may be shy, unique, Friendly to a few, Sorrow never scorned to speak To any who Were false or true.

Your every grief Like a blade Shining and unsheathed Must strike me down. Of bitter aloes wreathed, My sorrow must be laid On your head like a crown.

**Sympathy**
 * Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906)**

I KNOW what the caged bird feels, alas! When the sun is bright on the upland slopes; When the wind stirs soft through the springing grass, And the river flows like a stream of glass; When the first bird sings and the first bud opes, And the faint perfume from its chalice steals — I know what the caged bird feels! I know why the caged bird beats his wing Till its blood is red on the cruel bars; For he must fly back to his perch and cling When he fain would be on the bough a-swing; And a pain still throbs in the old, old scars And they pulse again with a keener sting — I know why he beats his wing! I know why the caged bird sings, ah me, When his wing is bruised and his bosom sore,— When he beats his bars and he would be free; It is not a carol of joy or glee, But a prayer that he sends from his heart's deep core, But a plea, that upward to Heaven he flings — I know why the caged bird sings!

**Tableau** **Countee Cullen**

Locked arm in arm they cross the way The black boy and the white, The golden splendor of the day The sable pride of night.

From lowered blinds the dark folk stare And here the fair folk talk, Indignant that these two should dare In unison to walk.

Oblivious to look and word They pass, and see no wonder That lightning brilliant as a sword Should blaze the path of thunder.

**Claude McKay** **BAPTISM**

Into the furnace let me go alone; Stay you without in terror of the heat. I will go naked in—for thus 'tis sweet— Into the weird depths of the hottest zone. I will not quiver in the frailest bone, You will not note a flicker of defeat; My heart shall tremble not its fate to meet, My mouth give utterance to any moan. The yawning oven spits forth fiery spears;. Red aspish tongues shout wordlessly my name. Desire destroys, consumes my mortal fears, Transforming me into a shape of flame. I will come out, back to your world of tears, A stronger soul within a finer frame.

**To a Dark Girl** **Gwendolyn Bennett**

I love you for your brownness, And the rounded darkness of your breast, I love you for the breaking sadness in your voice And shadows where your wayward eyelids rest.

Something of old forgotten queens Lurks in the lithe abandon of your walk And something of the shackled slave Sobs in the rhythm of your talk.

Oh, little brown girl, born for sorrow's mate, Keep all you have of queenliness, Forgetting that you once were slave, And let your full lips laugh at Fate!

**Arna Bontemps** **A Black Man Talks of Reaping** I have sown beside all waters in my day. I planted deep within my heart the fear that wind or fowl would take the grain away. I planted safe against this stark, lean year. I scatterd seed enough to plant the land in rows from Canada to Mexico. But for my reaping only what the hand can hold at once is all that I can show. Yet what I sowed and what the orchard yields my brother's sons are gathering stalk and root, small wonder then my children glean in fields they have not sown, and feed on bitter fruit.

**Langston Hughes** **Mother to Son**

Well, son, I'll tell you: Life for me ain't been no crystal stair. It's had tacks in it, And splinters, And boards torn up, And places with no carpet on the floor— Bare. But all the time I'se been a-climbin' on, And reachin' landin's, And turnin' corners, And sometimes goin' in the dark Where there ain't been no light. So, boy, don't you turn back. Don't you set down on the steps. 'Cause you finds it's kinder hard. Don't you fall now— For I'se still goin', honey, I'se still climbin', And life for me ain't been no crystal stair.


 * As I Grew Older**
 * Langston Hughes**

It was a long time ago. I have almost forgotten my dream. But it was there then, In front of me, Bright like a sun— My dream.

And then the wall rose, Rose slowly, Slowly, Between me and my dream. Rose until it touched the sky— The wall.

Shadow. I am black.

I lie down in the shadow. No longer the light of my dream before me, Above me. Only the thick wall. Only the shadow.

My hands! My dark hands! Break through the wall! Find my dream! Help me to shatter this darkness, To smash this night, To break this shadow Into a thousand lights of sun, Into a thousand whirling dreams Of sun!

**//TENEBRIS//** **Angelina Weld Grimke**

There is a tree, by day, That, at night, Has a shadow, A hand huge and black With fingers long and black. All through the dark, Against the white man's house, In the little wind, the black hand plucks and plucks At the bricks. The bricks are the color of blood and very small. Is it a black hand, Or is it a shadow?

**Harlem** **Langston Hughes**

Here on the edge of hell Stands Harlem— Remembering the old lies, The old kicks in the back, The old “Be patient” They told us before. Sure, we remember. Now when the man at the corner store Says sugar’s gone up another two cents, And bread one, And there’s a new tax on cigarettes— We remember the job we never had, Never could get, And can’t have now Because we’re colored. So we stand here On the edge of hell In Harlem And look out on the world And wonder What we’re gonna do In the face of what We remember.

Theme for English B
** by Langston Hughes **

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">The instructor said,

// Go home and write // // a page tonight. // // And let that page come out of you— // // Then, it will be true. //

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I wonder if it’s that simple? <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I am twenty-two, colored, born in Winston-Salem. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I went to school there, then Durham, then here <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">to this college on the hill above Harlem. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I am the only colored student in my class. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">The steps from the hill lead down into Harlem, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">through a park, then I cross St. Nicholas, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Eighth Avenue, Seventh, and I come to the Y, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">the Harlem Branch Y, where I take the elevator <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">up to my room, sit down, and write this page:

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">It’s not easy to know what is true for you or me <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">at twenty-two, my age. But I guess I’m what <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I feel and see and hear, Harlem, I hear you. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">hear you, hear me—we two—you, me, talk on this page. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">(I hear New York, too.) Me—who?

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Well, I like to eat, sleep, drink, and be in love. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I like to work, read, learn, and understand life. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I like a pipe for a Christmas present, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">or records—Bessie, bop, or Bach. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I guess being colored doesn’t make me //not// like <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">the same things other folks like who are other races. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">So will my page be colored that I write? <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Being me, it will not be white. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">But it will be <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">a part of you, instructor. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">You are white— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">yet a part of me, as I am a part of you. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">That’s American. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Sometimes perhaps you don’t want to be a part of me. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">Nor do I often want to be a part of you. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">But we are, that’s true! <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">As I learn from you, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">I guess you learn from me— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">although you’re older—and white— <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">and somewhat more free.

<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial; color: black;">This is my page for English B.


 * Black Woman **
 * by Georgia Douglas Johnson **

Don’t knock at the door, little child, I cannot let you in, You know not what a world this is Of cruelty and sin. Wait in the still eternity Until I come to you, The world is cruel, cruel, child, I cannot let you in!

Don’t knock at my heart, little one, I cannot bear the pain Of turning deaf-ear to your call Time and time again! You do not know the monster men Inhabiting the earth, Be still, be still, my precious child, I must not give you birth!


 * Old Black Men **
 * by Georgia Douglas Johnson **

They have dreamed as young men dream Of glory, love and power; They have hoped as youth will hope Of life’s sun-minted hour.

They have seen as other saw Their bubbles burst in air, And they have learned to live it down As though they did not care.


 * Song of the Son **
 * by [|Jean Toomer] **

Pour O pour that parting soul in song, O pour it in the sawdust glow of night, Into the velvet pine-smoke air to-night, And let the valley carry it along. And let the valley carry it along.

O land and soil, red soil and sweet-gum tree, So scant of grass, so profligate of pines, Now just before an epoch's sun declines Thy son, in time, I have returned to thee, Thy son, I have in time returned to thee.

In time, for though the sun is setting on A song-lit race of slaves, it has not set; Though late, O soil, it is not too late yet To catch thy plaintive soul, leaving, soon gone, Leaving, to catch thy plaintive soul soon gone.

O Negro slaves, dark purple ripened plums, Squeezed, and bursting in the pine-wood air, Passing before they stripped the old tree bare One plum was saved for me, one seed becomes

An everlasting song, a singing tree, Caroling softly souls of slavery, What they were, and what they are to me, Caroling softly souls of slavery.


 * The Shining Parlor  **
 * By Anita Scott Coleman **

It was a drab street A white man's street. . . Jammed with automobiles Streetcars and trucks; Bee-hived with fruit vendors' stalls, Real estate concerns, meat shops, Dental clinics, and soft drink stands. It was a drab street A white man's street. . . But it held the shining parlor— A boot-black booth, Commandeered by a black man, Who spent much time smiling out Upon the hub-bub of the thoroughfare. Ever. . . serenely smiling. . . With a brush and soiled rag in his hands. Often. . . white patrons wait for Their boots to be "shined," Wondering the while At the wonder-- Of the black man's smile.


 * Black Baby  **
 * By Anita Scott Coleman **

The baby I hold in my arms is a black baby. Today I set him in the sun and Sunbeams danced on his head.

The baby I hold in my arms is a black baby. I toil, and I cannot always cuddle him. I place him on the ground at my feet. He presses the warm earth with his hands, He lifts the sand and laughs to see It flow through his chubby fingers. I watch to discern which are his hands, Which is the sand. . . . Lo. . . the rich loam is black like his hands.

The baby I hold in my arms is a black baby. Today the coal-man brought me coal. sixteen dollars a ton is the price I pay for coal.-- Costly fuel. . . though they say: -- If it is buried deep enough and lies hidden long enough 'Twill be no longer coal but diamonds. . . . My black baby looks at me. His eyes are like coals, They shine like diamonds.

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**Dorothea Lange Internet Resources** = Dorothea Lange's "Migrant Mother" Photographs in the Farm Security Administration Collection: An Overview @http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/128_migm.html

Oakland Museum of California [|**http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/ft3f59n5wt/**] click on Migrant Labor on the right hand side, then scroll down a little to the eye icons to see the photos

Museum of Modern Art [|**http://www.moma.org/collection/artist.php?artist_id=3373**]

Getty [] National Archives []

__ Deborah Lowe Humanitas Academy of Art and Technology dlowe1@lausd.net

=Putting it all together -- Life for African Americans at the turn of the 20th Century - writing assignment!!=

How would you describe what life was like for African Americans at the turn of the 20th Century? Please choose one event (or series of events) and one person that helped you best understand the life experience of black Americans at that time.

You may use your notes and whatever you learned from your Prezi to write a short essay. You must have a short introduction, two body paragraphs and a short conclusion. You must also use at least one of the quotes that you used in your Prezi or that you read in someone else’s Prezi.

This essay is due at the end of this period!

Introduction with Thesis – Introduce the topic and write a thesis statement.

Body #1 – Focus on one event or person and describe what it taught you about the life experience of black Americans at the time.

Body #2 – Focus on a second event or person and describe what it taught you about the life experience of black Americans at the time.

Conclusion – What are some overall conclusions or a new understanding that you have about this period of time?

=Completed Prezis!!= Click below to see the Prezis created by Ms. Wadle's 3rd Period
 * The African American Experience at the Turn of the 20th Century**

[|Booker T Washington] = = [| The History of the NAACP]

[| Marcus Garvey]

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">[|Lynching]

<span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">[|Emancipation Proclamation]

<span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">[|Jim Crow Laws]

[| Sharecroppers]

= Click below to see the Prezis created by Ms. Lowe's 4th Period =

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Jim Crow Laws

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal;"> Lynching

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal;"> Birth of the Blues

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Separate, but equal

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> [|Sharecroppers]

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Sojourner Truth

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Riots

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Emancipation Proclamation

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> [|Urban Migration]

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> Marcus Garvey

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">The Founding of the NAACP

<span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">[|Booker T. Washington] /

= Click below to see the Prezis created by Ms. Lowe's 5th Period =

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal;"> [|https://prezi.com/secure/ad4ae0a75965b5fe50f993be6262eb47e2dac683/] <span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> [|https://prezi.com/secure/fce96aac7c96251e185b7b0153f0be060e59bb59/] <span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;">ollow this link to watch this prezi: <span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">[|https://prezi.com/secure/2d1269ef08fd572bdaee0f23dcb0320d9776c36b/] Follow this link to watch this prezi: <span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">[|https://prezi.com/secure/2fcf0acc339006aac075e37b49e727249bb214da/] <span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;">ollow this link to watch this prezi: <span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> [|https://prezi.com/secure/9d0255c6c84f34be43eec361922faaf33cd2707f/] <span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;"> Follow this link to watch this prezi: <span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> [|https://prezi.com/secure/76f23330756f4efb782e3be027cd07ddfc09ffe1/]
 * <span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;">You will find tech
 * <span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;">You will find tec

<span style="color: #1550af; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> [|https://prezi.com/secure/131db27d57f24bfcd6d8f4f4a81b0430f8be5160/]
 * <span style="color: #909090; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;">You will find technical help about prezi on the page abov

Coming soon!!

= toc =Please mark your Prezi as PRIVATE and then use the SHARE button to email the link to Ms. Lowe or Ms. Wadle=


 * dlowe1@lausd.net**


 * jwadle@lausd.net**

= = = = = =

=You all now have LAUSD Google email accounts!=

Goto [|mymail.lausd.net] to activate your email account and set your password.

That is also the site that you need to goto to login to your email account.

=**[|Prezi]**=


 * Once you have your LAUSD Google account, you will be able to sign up for a Prezi student account of your own. **
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Click on this to see the Prezi that describes our project: []

Check out this example of a presentation using Prezi <span style="color: #3a341f; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; white-space: pre;">[]

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=American Civil Rights Movement=

**Emmet Till** <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 0px;">[]